University of Mohaghegh ArdabiliJournal of Advanced Sport Technology2538-52594220200701A New Exercise Training Methods for Untrained Middle-Age Males: Comparison of Effectiveness Resistance Training with Blood Restriction Cuffs vs Traditional Resistance Training110937ENFarid Pakzad HassanlouDepartment of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran0000-0002-6531-6175Javad VakiliDepartment of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.Saeed NikokheslatDepartment of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran0000-0001-8102-3711Journal Article20200312The American College of Sports Medicine recommends moderate to high load resistance training to improve training adaptations. However, use of moderate to high loads are often not feasible in clinical populations. Blood flow restriction (BFR) training is a simple and practical way for older and middle-aged people to prevent the negative consequences of aging. Thus, this paper documents the design and implementation of a training program to improve adaptations of anabolic hormonal agents and muscle strength induced by resistance training with BFR in middle-aged individuals. In this semi-experimental study design, 20 (age 48.55±2.11 years) untrained middle-aged males were selected. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups: BFR and traditional resistance training (RES). Subjects in the 4-weeks BFR protocols performed knee extension and leg press at 20% 1-RM intensity, and the non-BFR training group performed the same movements at 80% 1-RM intensity. Blood samples were also taken to measure growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1. Levels of GH (P=0.001) and IGF-I (P=0.001) was significantly increased in all groups following the four weeks of resistance training with or without BFR. However, increase of GH concentrations in BFR group were significantly higher than RES group (P= 0.04). Also, there was no different between groups for IGF-I (P=0.54). It seems likely that performing resistance training with BFR during middle age is a good way to delay the adverse effects of aging on anabolic hormonal factors.University of Mohaghegh ArdabiliJournal of Advanced Sport Technology2538-52594220200701How Far an Arch Support Foot Orthosis Can Affect Lower Limb Joint Angular Accelerations during Normal Gait?1118948ENMorteza Madadi-ShadDeparment of Sports Biomechanics, Bu-Ali Sina University0000-0002-4127-4759Mohammad Bagher HanifehKinesiology Department, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran.0000-0004-4134-5123Hamid Reza MomenDepartment of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20200702The purpose of this study was to determine how far an arch support foot orthosis can affect lower limb joint angular accelerations during normal gait.In this study, sixteen male healthy volunteers were selected as participants. <strong> </strong>Subjects performed 12 walking trials at a self-selected walking speed while 3-dimensional kinematic data were collected for two conditions: shod with no orthoses, and shod with orthoses. Our results showed that the use of foot orthoses decreased the peak ankle angular acceleration during dorsiflexion (p= 0.034). No significant difference was found in the values of knee angular accelerations between the two walking conditions (p>0.05). Furthermore, the subjects experienced a reduction in hip angular acceleration during extension in response to the application of foot orthoses (p=0.027). It seems that the use of arch support foot orthoses is effective to improve lower limb kinematics during walking and it can prevent overuse injuries in the lower extremity.University of Mohaghegh ArdabiliJournal of Advanced Sport Technology2538-52594220200701Effectiveness of Increasing the Angle of Lateral Wedge Insole on Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters in Patients with Medial Knee Osteoarthritis1928949ENMohammad Hasan BijarchianDepartment of Sport Biomechanics, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch, Hamedan, Iran.0000-0001-7694-6239Mahdi MajlesiDepartment of Sport Biomechanics, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch, Hamedan, Iran.0000-0003-2032-4937Elaheh AzadianDepartment of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch, Hamedan, Iran.0000-0002-0114-9208Journal Article20200707In previous studies, the effect of lateral wedge insole on gait variables in people with medial knee osteoarthritis has been studied. However, No study was found to examine the effect of insole slope. This study was sought to assess the effect of increasing the angle of lateral wedge insole on spatiotemporal gait parameters in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis.Ten individuals with medial knee osteoarthritis and 10 healthy subjects with similar age, height and mass were selected. The spatiotemporal gait parameters of subjects were calculated in four walking conditions (walking barefoot, walking while wearing shoes with 0°, 5°, 11° insoles). Repeated measures and <em>t</em>-test was used in case of intragroup comparison and MANOVA in case of intergroup comparison. The main effect of insole had a significant effect on walking speed (p = 0.000). Walking speed in wearing shoes with 0° and 5° insoles were significantly higher than other condition. The intragroup analysis showed that walking speed, Double Support time, percent of foot off, and stride and step length in walking barefoot were significantly less than walking while using insoles in both groups. The speed of walking, stride and step length in barefoot conditions showed a significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.05). These findings imply that the use of insole was a similar effect in affected and non- affected limb. To increase the efficiency of gait, according to the results, recommended using laterally wedged insoles in people with medial knee OA.University of Mohaghegh ArdabiliJournal of Advanced Sport Technology2538-52594220200701A Framework to Identify and Count Popular Exercises Using Smartphone Sensors Based on Machine learning2937950ENMuhammad GandomkarDepartment of Sports Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-8403-1343Reza SarangDepartment of Sports Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Science and Research Branch, IAU, TehranZiba GandomkarFaculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia0000-0001-6480-3572Journal Article20200714Smartphones have wide range of sensors such as gyroscopes or inertial sensors, which can be used for recognizing and tracking exercises. A framework, called TrainingPal, was proposed to automatically identify five types of cardio exercises and five types of resistance exercises. Included exercises were running, walking, rowing, using elliptical machine, and jumping jack. Sit-up, bench dip, push-up, squat, and lunge were included as popular resistance exercises. In addition to recognition of each exercises, the proposed framework was able to count number of repetitions of each exercise. To train and test the proposed framework, data was collected from Samsung Galaxy S7 edge, which was attached to the outer side of arm approximately 10 to 12 cm below the shoulder. To avoid overfitting, we used leave-one-subject-out cross validation. An overall accuracy of 91.71% was achieved in identifying different types of exercises. The accuracy ranged from 100% for push-ups to 60.33% for bench dips. The accuracy of the proposed framework in counting the exercises was 90%. The results suggested that the proposed framework can be used for identifying and tracking of the included exercises. The framework can be extended to other wearable devices. University of Mohaghegh ArdabiliJournal of Advanced Sport Technology2538-52594220200701The Model of Creation of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Technology in Sports Services Section3848951ENSajjad PashaieDepartment of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IRAN0000-0002-3933-146XFatemeh AbdaviDepartment of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IRAN0000-0002-9746-4922Yaghob BadriazarinDepartment of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IRANSalvatore CinciminoDepartment of Business Administration, Faculty of Management, University of degli studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy0000-0001-7176-6677Mücahit FişneDepartment of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Cumhuriyet, Sivas, Turkey0000-0002-3964-874XJournal Article20200413<strong> </strong>
Over the past decades, sport venues have increased their investments in Customer Relationship Management (CRM) realm. The investment ranges from strategy development to software implementation and other applications which will help attract new customers, maintaining and growing existing programs. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to design the CRM technology model in the sports services sector of East Azerbaijan province based on individual narratives and personal experiences of 10 managers and 384 sports customers in the province during in-depth interviews by using foundation data theorizing method. Their views on the relationship between CRM technology and sport venues were recorded and analyzed. Findings indicate that recognition of customer and market, attracting customer, maintaining and developing customer are among the consequences of implementing CRM technology in sports venues. Also, respondents agreed that the most important elements of customer relationship are committed (7.20), satisfaction (6.30) and performance (4.70). Therefore, having a CRM system can help for better decision making in terms of service delivery, increasing intra-organizational communication, reducing costs, attracting and maintaining customers.University of Mohaghegh ArdabiliJournal of Advanced Sport Technology2538-52594220200701The Immediate Effect of Kinesiotape and Wobble Board Training on Ankle Joint Position Sense in Athletes with Functional Ankle Instability4959973ENFarideh BabakhaniDepartment of Sports Injury and Corrective Exercise, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-1035-5011Mona HeydarianDepartment of Sports Injury and Corrective Exercise, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-5637-5739Mohamadreza HatefiDepartment of Biomechanics and Sport Injuries, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20200709Ankle sprain is one of the most common injuries during a physical activity, which may lead to instability and affect athletes’ performance. The present study aimed to investigate the immediate effects of kinesiotape and wobble balance board trainings on ankle joint position sense of individuals with Functional Ankle Instability (FAI). A total of 48 male athletes with FAI voluntarily participated in this study and were stratified into four groups including kinesiotape, wobble board, combined, and control groups. The pre-test was performed by Position sense at angles of (Plantarflexion 10°and 30°) using a gyroscope. Following the intervention, the post-test was taken from the subjects. Four-way repeated measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by the post hoc analysis with Bonferroni’s test was conducted to compare the groups. In addition, paired sample t test was used to assess the intragroup variable. The results indicated statistically significant differences in applying immediate kinesiotape, wobble board training, and the combination of the two methods in 10 ° and 30 ° of plantar flexion (p≤0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the practice groups (p≥0.05). Based on the findings, one-session exercises by wobble board and kinesiotape, as well as the combination of taping and wobble board could be considered as an effective intervention for preventing and reducing injury separately. However, no significant difference was observed among the three training programs.University of Mohaghegh ArdabiliJournal of Advanced Sport Technology2538-52594220201111Designing and Manufacturing of a Hexagonal Device to Assess the Reaction Time of Sitting Volleyball Athletes6068974ENShirin YazdaniDepattment of Motor control, faculty of physical education and sport science, university of tabriz, tabriz, iran0000-0002-0549-9694Farid Pakzad HassanluoDepartment of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran0000-0002-6531-6175Journal Article20200706Sitting volleyball is one of the most popular Paralympic sports, which requires special movement and physical fitness factors according to the rules of the race. Reaction time is one of the most important physical fitness factors for players of sitting volleyball. Mostof the devices and tests used to evaluate this factor are common among healthy athletes. However, in para athlete sports such as sitting volley, there are limited devices for evaluation and conditioning them. The specialization of physical fitness tests and devices for para athletes in each sport has an important role in the evaluating, preparing and success of the teams. In sitting volleyball, it is very important for athletes to move their body at different directions to reach the ball and have a suitable reaction. So, the aim of this study was to design and manufacture a system which could evaluate the reaction time of sitting volley players at 6 different directions. The hexagonal reaction time measuring system is a device that measures the reaction time by using six sensors located on the floor and a lamp panel in front of the athlete. When the lamp of each sensor turns on, the athlete should touch it in the shortest time by pushing himself at the given direction. This time period is measured and displayed as the reaction time.University of Mohaghegh ArdabiliJournal of Advanced Sport Technology2538-52594220201122Three-Dimensional Analysis of Selected Kinetics and Impulse Variables between Middle and Wing Volleyball Attackers during Block Jump Based on Integration Method6975985ENAli FatahiDepartment of Sports Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, Islamic Azad University of Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-8863-4061Razieh Yousefian MollaDepartment of Sports Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, Islamic Azad University of Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, IranMitra AmeliSetaregan-E-Salamat Gostar Technical Clinic of Training and Corrective Exercise, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-4876-3037Journal Article20201026Within the volleyball game skills, Block and Attack are presenting the highest correlation with success, independent of the game phase. Monitoring block jump actions in middle and wing attackers are crucial to improve performance and avoid injuries during this skill, therefore the aim of this study was to investigate the 3-Dimensional analysis of selected kinetics and impulse variables between middle and wing volleyball attackers during block jump based on integration method. 21 healthy junior volleyball players of the national team (11 wing attackers and 10 middle attackers) were selected to participate in this study. The athletic task was Block Jump, performed by middle and wing volleyball attackers. The 3-Dimentional average, maximum and minimum of GRF (Average Force (X, Y, Z), Maximum Force (X, Y, Z), and Minimum Force (X, Y, Z)) were obtained from Force plate system output directly and 3-Dimentional impulse (X, Y, Z) were calculated by integrating force with respect to time. Also, time between two minimum and maximum GRF’s peaks (Time between Two Peaks) were calculated for each jump. Average Mean and Standard Deviation were used for descriptive analysis. Shapiro-Wilk test was used for the normality of data. If so, an Independent t-test was performed to compare any differences of variables in three-dimension between two attackers’ groups during block jump. The results highlight that middle attackers have greater average force in Anteroposterior (X) and vertical (Z) directions during block jumps, but wing attackers show larger impulse in vertical (Z) direction as well as greater time duration between minimum and maximum force peaks (p < 0.05). These specific differences in variables of two groups may be useful for physical trainers coaches and specialists who will be able to manage task constrains to design proper training programs for optimal performance and minimizing related injuries.University of Mohaghegh ArdabiliJournal of Advanced Sport Technology2538-52594220201205A Preliminary Design of New Kyphosis Backpack with the Ability to Show Pressure and Maintain the Curvature of the Spine76821032ENAmirAli JafarnezhadgeroDepartment of Sport Management and Biomechanics, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran0000-0002-2739-4340Milad Piran HamlabadiDepartment of Sport Management and Biomechanics, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.0000-0002-9247-2563Aydin Valizadeh OrangDepartment of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran0000-0002-5890-4972Journal Article20200807<span>The aim of this study was to design a kyphosis backpack with the ability to show the pressure and maintain the curvature of the spine for people who use backpacks for a long time. This backpack is designed with tracholambosacral brace. It is designed to distribute good pressure on the shoulder, which is suitable for all ages and has two metals to maintain the natural alignment of the spine and adjustable straps on the front of the trunk and front of the abdomen. The backpack consists of three fabric bands, an electrical circuit consisting of three bending sensors and a pressure sensor, as well as two stabilizing metals. Designed to communicate between sensors in a mobile backpack (mobile app) that displays information about its degree of curvature through bending sensors. In order to display the amount of pressure, the pressure sensor also shows this information on the mobile phone. The design of this circuit and application is such that if the amount of curvature and pressure is more than the allowable limit, it informs the person through vibration so that it can maintain the normal level of the spine and also adjust the bag load. To use this feature, the application must turn on the electronic circuit, then connect to the circuit via Bluetooth to establish a connection between the circuit and the mobile application. The kyphosis backpack with the ability to measure pressure and maintain the curvature of the spine designed in the present study can be used in correctional training programs, carrying classroom equipment as well as sports equipment. The warning system and display of the pressure on the spine, makes this backpack a comfortable and user-friendly backpack.</span>University of Mohaghegh ArdabiliJournal of Advanced Sport Technology2538-52594220201205What Effect Do Different Training Environments Have on Femoral Bone Density in Premenopausal Women?83921033ENSafoura GhasemiFaculty of Physical Education and sport sciences, Arak University, Arak, Iran0000-0003-4819-6447Heydar SadeghiDepartment of Sport Biomechanics and Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-6563-9882Journal Article20201105Considering that maintaining the optimal level of bone mineral density during premenopausal period is important in reducing the risk of osteoporosis and subsequent fractures during postmenopausal period, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different training environments on femoral bone density in premenopausal women. In this quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design, 40 premenopausal women aged between 40 to 45 years were divided in four groups, 10 people in each group (exercise group in water, land, combined and control). Exercise groups performed 12 weeks of exercise three times a week 70 minutes per session. The subjects’ femoral bone density was measured before and after 12 weeks by DEXA bone density measurement device. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, analysis of covariance and LSD post hoc test at a significance level of P≤0.05, using SPSS software version 24. Femoral bone density showed a significant increase in the combined exercise group (P <0.05) but in the control group a decrease in bone density was observed (P <0.05). Total bone density of hip and femoral neck showed statistical differences in water exercise group, land exercise group and combined exercise group in comparison with control group (P <0.05). Given this there was no difference between the exercise groups in water and land environment, exercise in any environment is recommended for premenopausal women. Because weight training exercises in all three types of training environments prevent the progression of bone mineral density in premenopausal ages.University of Mohaghegh ArdabiliJournal of Advanced Sport Technology2538-52594220201219Investigating the Role of Management Information Systems Technology on the Performance of Sports Organizations931031041ENSajjad PashaieDepartment of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.0000-0002-3933-146XMir Davood HoseiniDepartment of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.0000-0002-9619-4051Fatemeh AbdaviDepartment of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.0000-0002-9746-4922Mehrdad MoharramzadehDepartment of Sport Management and Biomechanics, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran0000-0002-8968-6883Geoff DicksonDepartment of Sport Management, La Trobe University, Australia.0000-0002-9913-0125Journal Article20201115Technology and management information systems are a general strategy for dealing with the complexity of too much information and fragmented communications. The aim of this research is to investigate the role of management information systems (MIS) technology on the performance of sports organizations. The quantitative method used the questionnaire-survey. The MIS variables were information system quality (ISQ), information system strategy (ISS), and organizational size. Fifty participants were recruited from the Sports and Youth General Administration in Tabriz, Iran. Data were analyzed using SPSS and PLS structural equation model. The proposed model was supported by empirical data. More specifically, the results also showed positive and significant effects of ISQ, ISS, and organizational size on organizational performance; which implies that the higher the management information systems, the higher the organizations performance. Therefore, if management information systems are implemented properly, it will lead to user satisfaction; the system will also reduce administrative errors and assist in organizational decision-making.University of Mohaghegh ArdabiliJournal of Advanced Sport Technology2538-52594220201230The Effects of Kinesio-tape through Facilitation of Hamstring and Inhibition of Quadriceps on Biomechanical Variables affecting Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury When Landing in Active Healthy Young Women1041131080ENNader NokhodchiDepartment of Sport Sciences, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran0000-0002-2100-0689Mahsasadat HosseiniDepartment of Sport Sciences, Alzahra University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran0000-0003-1681-9451Zahra Attaran IrajDepartment of Sport Sciences, University of Bojnord, Bojnord,Iran0000-0001-8198-7473Amirhessam RahimiDepartment of Sport Sciences, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran0000000347412777Journal Article20201009The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) rupture is more prevalent among women due to several reasons such as women’s different landing strategies. Today, many athletes use varying taping techniques to prevent ACL injury. This study aims to investigate the effect of facilitating hamstring and inhibiting quadriceps through Kinesio-tape on biomechanical variables that contribute to ACL injuries. The subjects included 18 active healthy women (age: 19.94±1.16 years, height: 167±2.14 cm, weight: 58.33±3.72 kg). Kinetics and kinematics data, including the angle of knee flexion and knee abduction in initial foot contact, maximum knee flexion and abduction, and peak anterior shear force, were collected in three conditions (without tape, with sham Kinesio-tape, and Kinesio-tape with facilitation of hamstring and inhibition of quadriceps) in landing maneuver. The Simi motion analysis system and the Kistler force plate were used to collect data. The results revealed that the application of the Kinesio-tape caused a significant increase in the angle of knee flexion in the initial contact and peak anterior shear force in a single leg drop jump (P <0.05). In conclusion, this Kinesiotaping technique can affect some contributory variables to ACL rupture by increasing the angle of knee flexion and maximum shear force, hence lead to reduced rates of injury in active healthy women. However, it seems that this technique is unable to reduce the ACL rupture risk factors in the frontal plane.