Comparison of the Effect of Linear and Nonlinear Pedagogy on Risk Factors of ACL Injury: Emphasis on Kinetic Variables in Basketball Landing

Document Type : Original research papers

Authors

1 Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Motor Behavior, Kharazmi University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

2 Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Motor Behavior, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

3 Faculty of Rehabilitation of Shahid Beheshti University

Abstract

In this study, the effect of linear and non-linear training methods on kinetic variables in basketball landing was investigated, and changes in force and moment from pre-test to post-test were evaluated. The present study was a quasi-experimental experiment, and clinical research method. Participants were 24 students who were selected from Kharazmi University by available methods. They practiced basketball skills in two groups of linear and non-linear for 16 sessions. In the linear method, the presentation of patterns and feedback was used for training, and in the non-linear method, the manipulation of constraints was used. The variables measured included VGRF, knee flexion/extension moment, knee valgus moment, and ankle dorsiflexion moment. The results of the covariance analysis showed that the nonlinear method has a significantly better effect on all kinetic variables compared to the linear method (p<0.05). The results of this study consider nonlinear methods as an effective strategy in clinical settings, and emphasize on the role of constraint manipulation in practice and learning environments, and highlight that nonlinear methods, with focusing on exploration and search for solutions, to prevent ACL injuries efficiently by affecting kinetic variables.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1. Griffin LY, Albohm MJ, Arendt EA, Bahr R, Beynnon BD, DeMaio M, Yu B. Understanding and preventing noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries: a review of the Hunt Valley II meeting, January 2005. The American journal of sports medicine. 2006;34(9):1512-1532.
  2. Imwalle LE, Myer GD, Ford KR, Hewett TE. Relationship between hip and knee kinetics in athletic women during cutting maneuvers: a possible link to noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury and prevention. Journal of strength and conditioning research/National Strength & Conditioning Association. 2009;23(8):22-23.
  3. McNair P, Marshall R, Matheson J. Important features associated with acute anterior cruciate ligament injury. The New Zealand Medical Journal. 1990;103(901):537-539.
  4. Kennedy JC, Alexander IJ, Hayes KC. Nerve supply of the human knee and its functional importance. The American journal of sports medicine. 1982;10(6):329-335.
  5. Sugimoto D, Myer GD, McKeon JM, Hewett TE. Evaluation of the effectiveness of neuromuscular training to reduce anterior cruciate ligament injury in female athletes: a critical review of relative risk reduction and numbers-needed-to-treat analyses. British journal of sports medicine. 2012;46(14):979-988.
  6. Ghanati HA, Letafatkar A, Almonroeder TG, Rabiei P. Examining the Influence of Attentional Focus on the Effects of a Neuromuscular Training Program in Male Athletes. Journal of strength and conditioning research. 2020; 36(6), 1568-1575.
  7. Olsen O-E, Myklebust G, Engebretsen L, Holme I, Bahr R. Exercises to prevent lower limb injuries in youth sports: cluster randomised controlled trial. Bmj. 2005;330(9):448-449.
  8. Benjaminse A, Otten B, Gokeler A, Diercks RL, Lemmink KA. Motor learning strategies in basketball players and its implications for ACL injury prevention: a randomized controlled trial. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 2017;25(8):2365-76.
  9. Benjaminse A, Gokeler A, Dowling AV, Faigenbaum A, Ford KR, Hewett TE, Myer, D. Optimization of the anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention paradigm: novel feedback techniques to enhance motor learning and reduce injury risk. journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy. 2015;45(3):170-82.
  10. Newell K M, Ranganathan R. Motor learning in practice: a constraints led approach. Annual Review of Psychology. 1991; 42 (4): 213-237.‏
  11. Lackner J R, DiZio P. Motor control and learning in altered dynamic environments. Current opinion in neurobiology.2005; 15(6): 653-659.‏
  12. Correia V, Carvalho J, Araújo D, Pereira E, Davids K. (2019). Principles of nonlinear pedagogy in sport practice. Physical education and sport pedagogy.2019; 24(2): 117-132.‏
  13. Mohammadi Orangi B, Yaali R, Bahram A, van der Kamp J, Aghdasi MT. The effects of linear, nonlinear, and differential motor learning methods on the emergence of creative action in individual soccer players. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 2021;56 (5):102-109.
  14. Mohammadi Orangi B, Yaali R, Ackah-Jnr FR, Bahram A, Ghadiri F. The effect of nonlinear and linear methods and inclusive education on self-esteem and motor proficiency of ordinary and overactive children. Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences & Research. 2021;8(2):69-78.
  15. Ebrahimi Tavakolian M, Mohammadi Orangi B, Ghadiri F, Mohammad Nejad M. The effect of nonlinear pedagogy on motor proficiency and self-esteem of hyperactive obese girls. Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health. 2020;22(3):240-50.
  16. Moy B, Renshaw I, Davids K. The impact of nonlinear pedagogy on physical education teacher education students’ intrinsic motivation. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy. 2016;21(5):517-38.
  17. Mohammadi Orangi B, Yaali R, Bahram A, Aghdasi MT, van der Kamp J, Vanrenterghem J, Paul J. Motor learning methods that induce high practice variability reduce kinetic and kinetic risk factors of non-contact ACL injury. Human Movement Science. 2021;78 (5):102-105.
  18. Faude O, Junge A, Kindermann W, Dvorak J. Risk factors for injuries in elite female soccer players. British journal of sports medicine. 2006;40(9):785-90.
  19. Santos S, Coutinho D, Gonçalves B, Schöllhorn W, Sampaio J, Leite N. Differential learning as a key training approach to improve creative and tactical behavior in soccer. Research quarterly for exercise and sport. 2018;89(1):11-24.
  20. Orth D, van der Kamp J, Button C. Learning to be adaptive as a distributed process across the coach–athlete system: situating the coach in the constraints-led approach. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy. 2019;24(2):146-61.
  21. Crenshaw SJ, Pollo FE, Calton EF. Effects of lateral-wedged insoles on kinetics at the knee. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 2000;375(8):185-92.
  22. Onate JA, Guskiewicz KM, Sullivan RJ. Augmented feedback reduces jump landing forces. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2001;31(9):511-7.
  23. Hewett TE, Myer GD, Ford KR, Heidt Jr RS, Colosimo AJ, McLean SG, et al. Biomechanical measures of neuromuscular control and valgus loading of the knee predict anterior cruciate ligament injury risk in female athletes: a prospective study. The American journal of sports medicine. 2005;33(4):492-501.
  24. Ranganathan R, Newell KM. Changing up the routine: intervention-induced variability in motor learning. Exercise and sport sciences reviews. 2013;41(1):64-70.
Journal of Advanced Sport Technology
Volume 6, Issue 2 - Serial Number 11
November 2022
Pages 136-145

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 03 November 2022
  • Revise Date: 09 December 2022
  • Accept Date: 28 December 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics