The Consequences of Gamification in Teaching Sport Skills in Virtual Education

Document Type : Original research papers

Authors

1 Department of sport management, Faculty of Physical Education & Sports Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.

2 Department of sport management, Faculty of Physical Education & Sports Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.

10.22098/jast.2024.13096.1290

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the consequences of gamification in teaching sport skills in virtual education. This study was a qualitative and exploratory research conducted using a thematic analysis method. The participants included faculty members with experience in teaching practical courses and using gamification in physical education and sport sciences. Given the nature of the research, semi-structured interviews were used as the research instrument. Twelve experts were interviewed as a research sample through snowball sampling to reach the theoretical saturation. The validity and reliability of the study were evaluated and confirmed by using Guba and Lincoln (1989) method. The thematic analysis of the data by Braun and Clarke’s (2006) method led to the extraction of 168 codes, thirteen sub-themes, and five main themes. The findings indicated that "Learner Management", "Skill Dimension", "Emotional Dimension", "Teaching Method and its Quality", as well as " Communications" were the main themes of the research. Some sub-themes were extracted for each main theme according to their semantic and conceptual similarity. The findings of this study can be considered by professors and students of physical education and sports sciences as a basis for promoting the efficiency and effectiveness of teaching sport skills in a virtual learning environment. Having a clear understanding of the various aspects of this method helps teachers and administrators to make the most of the opportunities of this educational method.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1. Soltaninejad M, Jaberi A, Sharifian E. Development of Technology in Sport Setting: Consequences and
    Results. Sport Management Journal. 2024;16(4):201-184.
    2. Morovati-Sibani S. Design and Build Educational Game based on the Principles of Gamification and its
    Application in E-Learning: Thesis for the degree of M.Sc, Raja University 2019.
    3. Khavari B. Investigating the quality of virtual education during the corona outbreak and its relationship with
    student empowerment: Thesis for the degree of M.Sc, Payame Noor University Qazvin center; 2021.
    4. Hiranrithikorn P, editor ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF ONLINE LEARNING.
    International Academic Multidisciplinary research conference in Berlin 2019; 2019.
    5. Baber H. Determinants of students’ perceived learning outcome and satisfaction in online learning during the
    pandemic of COVID-19. Journal of Education and e-learning Research. 2020;7(3):285-92.
    6. Ghasemi H, Mataruna-Dos-Santos LJ, Jaberi A, Rasekh N, Izadparast L. Sport Management Education. 2021.
    Andisheara press, Tehran.
    7. Pappas C. The science and the benefits of gamification in eLearning. Retrived from https://elearningindustry
    com/science-benefits-gamification e-learning. 2014.
    8. A M. Gamification: A Simple Introduction and a Bit More. (self-published on Amazon Digital Services,
    Kindle edition, Loc, 1405.2013.
    9. Negara GPK, Wigati EK, Utomo Y, Suryapranata LKP, editors. Analysis of Gamification Models in
    Education Using MDA Framework. International Conference on Computer Science and Computational Intelligence;
    2018.
    10. Strmecki D, Bernik A, Radosevic D. Gamification in E-Learning: Introducing Gamified Design Elements
    into E-Learning Systems. J Comput Sci. 2015;11(12):1108-17.
    11. Hamzah WMAFW, Ali NH, Saman MYM, Yusoff MH, Yacob A. Influence of gamification on students’
    motivation in using e-learning applications based on the motivational design model. International Journal of Emerging
    Technologies in Learning (iJET). 2015;10(2):30-4.
    12. Malas RI, Hamtini TM. A gamified e-learning design model to promote and improve learning. International
    Review on Computers and Software. 2016;11(1):8-19.
    13. Dehghanzadeh H, Fardanesh, H., Hatami, J., & Talaee. Effectiveness of gamification-based E-Learning
    environment on Students' Academic Engagement in English Language learning. Studies in Learning & Instruction.
    2020;12(1):277-96.
    14. Todor V, Pitica D. The gamification of the study of electronics in dedicated e-learning platforms. Proceedings
    of the 36th International Spring Seminar on Electronics Technology. 2013:428-31.
    15. Liu T, Lipowski M. Sports gamification: Evaluation of its impact on learning motivation and performance in
    higher education. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2021;18(3):1267.
    16. Ferriz-Valero A, Østerlie O, García Martínez S, García-Jaén M. Gamification in physical education:
    Evaluation of impact on motivation and academic performance within higher education. International Journal of
    Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020;17(12):4465.
    17. González-González CS, Gómez-del-Río N, Navarro-Adelantado V. Exploring the Benefits of Using
    Gamification and Videogames for Physical Exercise: a Review of State of Art. Int J Interact Multim Artif Intell.
    2018;5:46-52.
    18. Montesinos CH, Madrona, P. G., López, Y. G., & Martín, I. P. GAMIFICATION IN PHYSICAL
    EDUCATION: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL CONCRETION. PROGRESS IN EDUCATION, 59.2019.
    19. Fernandez-Rio J, de las Heras E, González T, Trillo V, Palomares J. Gamification and physical education.
    Viability and preliminary views from students and teachers. Physical education and sport pedagogy. 2020;25(5):509-
    24.
    20. Parra-González ME, Segura-Robles A, Gómez-Barajas ER. Assessing gamified experiences in physical
    education teachers and students. IJERI: International Journal of Educational Research and Innovation. 2020;13:166-
    76.
    21. Acosta-Medina JK, Torres-Barreto ML, Cárdenas-Parga AF. Students' preference for the use of gamification
    in virtual learning environments. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology. 2021;37(4):145-58.
    22. Jaberi A, Barkhordar Z. Identifying the Effectiveness Requirements of Virtual Education in the Field of Sport
    Sciences. Research on Educational Sport. 2023;10(29):185-222.
    23. Braun V, Clarke V. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology. 2006;3(2):77-
    101.
  2. 24. Kvale S. Interviews: An introduction to qualitative research interviewing. . Sage Publications, Inc.1994.
    25. Rezapour F, Moharramzadeh M. Developing an efficiency model for virtual educational plan of physical
    education in schools (Case study: COVID-19 Pandemic). Research on Educational Sport. 2021;9(23):99-128.
    26. Oslin J, Mitchell S. 5.5 Game-centered approaches to teaching physical education. Physical Education.
    2006;627.
    27. Li S, Yamaguchi S, Sukhbaatar J, Takada J-i. The influence of teachers’ professional development activities
    on the factors promoting ICT integration in primary schools in Mongolia. Education Sciences. 2019;9(2):78.
    28. Sevinç D, Çolak M. The effect of electronic body protector and gamification on the performance of
    taekwondo athletes. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport. 2019;19(1):110-20.
    29. Pourheidari M. investigation the relationship between gamification and improvement of educational level in
    schools, : Thesis for the degree of M.Sc, Iran University of Science and Technology Industrial Department.; 2021.
    30. Bernik A, Bubaš G, Radošević D, editors. Measurement of the effects of e-learning courses gamification on
    motivation and satisfaction of students. 2018 41st International Convention on Information and Communication
    Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO); 2018: IEEE.
    31. Kiili K. Evaluations of an experiential gaming model. Human Technology: An Interdisciplinary Journal on
    Humans in ICT Environments. 2006.
    32. Toda AM, Valle PPH, Isotani S, editors. The Dark Side of Gamification: An Overview of Negative Effects
    of Gamification in Education. Higher Education for All; 2017.
    33. Bell K. Game on!: Gamification, gameful design, and the rise of the gamer educator: JHU Press; 2017.
    34. Wrisberg CA. Sport skill instruction for coaches: Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics; 2007.
    35. Hajizadeh A, Azizi G, Keyhan G. Analyzing the opportunities and challenges of e-learning in the Corona era:
    An approach to the development of e-learning in the post-Corona. Research in Teaching. 2021;9(1):204-174.
    36. Hanus MD, Fox J. Assessing the effects of gamification in the classroom: A longitudinal study on intrinsic
    motivation, social comparison, satisfaction, effort, and academic performance. Computers & education. 2015;80:152-
    61.
    37. Yaftian N, & Abdi, H. . The Effectiveness of Teaching by Using Gamification on Mathematical Anxie-ty and
    Mathematical Motivation of Ninth Grade Students. Research in School and Virtual Learning. 2021;9(1):27-36.
    38. Abdollahi MH, Gholami Torksaluye S, Abbasian M. Developing a model of effective factors in the
    effectiveness of virtual education in general physical education lessons in corona pandemic conditions. Research on
    Educational Sport. 2022;9(25):89-110.
    39. Saleem AN, Noori NM, Ozdamli F. Gamification applications in E-learning: A literature review. Technology,
    Knowledge and Learning. 2022;27(1):139-59.
    40. Kapp K. The gamification of learning and instruction: Game-based methods and strategies for training and
    education: Pfeiffer; 2012.
    41. YANES N, BOUOUD I, editors. Using gamification and serious games for English language learning. 2019
    International Conference on Computer and Information Sciences (ICCIS); 2019: IEEE.
    42. Menezes CCN, De Bortolli R. Potential of gamification as assessment tool. Creative Education.
    2016;7(4):561-6.
    43. Zainuddin Z, Shujahat M, Haruna H, Chu SKW. The role of gamified e-quizzes on student learning and
    engagement: An interactive gamification solution for a formative assessment system. Computers & education.
    2020;145:103729.
    44. Alhammad MM, Moreno AM. Gamification in software engineering education: A systematic mapping.
    Journal of Systems and Software. 2018;141:131-50.
    45. Brophy JE. Fostering student learning and motivation in the elementary school classroom. Learning and
    motivation in the classroom: Routledge; 2017. p. 283-306.
    46. Andrade FR, Mizoguchi R, Isotani S, editors. The bright and dark sides of gamification. Intelligent Tutoring
    Systems: 13th International Conference, ITS 2016, Zagreb, Croatia, June 7-10, 2016 Proceedings 13; 2016: Springer.
    47. Fadde PJ, Zaichkowsky L. Training perceptual-cognitive skills in sports using technology. Journal of Sport
    Psychology in Action. 2018;9(4):239-48.
    48. Lee JJ, Hammer J. Gamification in education: What, how, why bother? Academic exchange quarterly.
    2011;15(2):146.
    49. Mohammadi M, Khoshneshin Z, Mohammadhasani N. Gamification with leaderboard: Effect of educational
    tools based on competition and cooperation in learning and approach motivation of math lesson. Technology of
    Education Journal (TEJ). 2022;16(2):237-48.
    50. Campbell AA. Gamification in higher education: Not a trivial pursuit: St. Thomas University; 2016
  3. 51. Taspinar B, Schmidt W, Schuhbauer H. Gamification in education: A board game approach to knowledge
    acquisition. Procedia Computer Science. 2016;99:101-16.
    52. Batooli Z, Fahimnia F, Naghshineh N, Mirhosseini F. The Analysis and Review of the Literatures in the field
    of Gamification in e-Learning. Technology of Education Journal (TEJ). 2019;13(3):700-12.
    53. Janighorban M, Allahdadian M, Haghani F. Simulation, a strategy for improving clinical education. 2013.
    54. López-Belmonte J, Segura-Robles A, Fuentes-Cabrera A, Parra-González ME. Evaluating activation and
    absence of negative effect: Gamification and escape rooms for learning. International journal of environmental
    research and public health. 2020;17(7):2224.
    55. Shafiei M. Teaching Method in Physical Education: Tehran: Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University;
    2018.
    56. Kaufmann DA. Reflection: Benefits of gamification in online higher education. Journal of Instructional
    Research. 2018;7:125-32.
    57. Costello R. Gaming Innovations in Higher Education: Emerging Research and Opportunities: Emerging
    Research and Opportunities. 2017.
    58. Segura-Robles A, Fuentes-Cabrera A, Parra-González ME, López-Belmonte J. Effects on personal factors
    through flipped learning and gamification as combined methodologies in secondary education. Frontiers in
    Psychology. 2020;11:1103.
    59. Johnson CP. Gamification in Adventure and Wilderness Sports: A literature review of game-based
    mechanic’s ability to increase attraction, engagement, and retention in outdoor sports. The Sport Journal [Internet].
    2016;20.

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 08 June 2023
  • Revise Date: 28 November 2024
  • Accept Date: 07 January 2024

Share

How to cite

Statistics