The comparison of plantar pressure distribution and frequency content of selected muscles between hydrodynamic and typical sport shoe

Document Type : Original research papers

Authors

1 department of sport sciences, faculty of physical education and sport sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran

2 Sharif University of Technology

3 ssrc

10.22098/jast.2024.3596

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the comparison of plantar pressure distribution and muscle frequency between hydrodynamic and typical sport shoe. 12 healthy adult male were recruited for this experimental study. The special hydrodynamic shoe has an outer sole with a special pathway for the fluid. The typical sports shoe with Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate soles was recruited for the comparison. Plantar pressure distribution was measured using the Pedar insole system and the results have analyzed using Pedar-X software. Electrical muscle activity of the Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Palmaris longus, and Tibialis anterior were measured using the Myon electromyography system at 1000Hz sampling rate. Subjects randomly wore hydrodynamic and typical sports shoes, then walk through the end of the pathway for the five times at self-selected speed. The Plantar area was divided into eight areas and plantar pressure variables were calculated in these areas. The onset and offset of muscle activation were calculated. The frequency variable includes mean and median frequency, the 99.5% frequency which contain 99.5% signal, and the bandwidth frequency was also calculated. Paired -t test was used for statistical comparison (p<0.05). The results indicated that there are considerable pressure reduction in heel, fore foot and toe (P<0.05). However, there is no difference between the time and frequency content of muscle activity. Based on the results, it seems that hydrodynamic shoes could an important effect on the reduction of plantar pressure without any change in muscle activity during the gait.

Keywords

Main Subjects


1. Mueller, M.J., Application of plantar pressure assessment in footwear and insert design. Journal of
orthopaedic & sports physical therapy. 1999; 29(12):747-755.
2. Knowles, E. and A. Boulton, Do people with diabetes wear their prescribed footwear? Diabetic
medicine. 1996; 13(12):1064-1068.
3. Paton, J.S., et al., Patients’ Experience of therapeutic footwear whilst living at risk of neuropathic
diabetic foot ulceration: an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Journal of foot and ankle research.
2014; 7(1):16-23.
4. Waaijman, R., et al., Adherence to wearing prescription custom-made footwear in patients with
diabetes at high risk for plantar foot ulceration. Diabetes care. 2013; 36(6):1613-1618.
5. Baker, N. and B. Leatherdale, Audit of special shoes: are they being worn? Diabetic Foot. 1999;
2(1):100-104.
6. Bongaerts, B.W., et al., older subjects with diabetes and prediabetes are frequently unaware of having
distal sensorimotor polyneuropathy: the KORA F4 study. Diabetes Care. 2013;36(5):1141-1146.
7. Ludwig, O., J. Kelm, and M. Fröhlich, The influence of insoles with a peroneal pressure point on the
electromyographic activity of tibialis anterior and peroneus longus during gait. Journal of foot and ankle
research. 2016;9(1):33-39.
8. Jafarnezhadgero, A.A., E. Sorkhe, and A.S. Oliveira, Motion-control shoes help maintaining low
loading rate levels during fatiguing running in pronated female runners. Gait & posture. 2019;73(3):65-70.
9. Jafarnezhadgero, A., S.M. Alavi-Mehr, and U. Granacher, Effects of anti-pronation shoes on lower
limb kinematics and kinetics in female runners with pronated feet: The role of physical fatigue. PloS one.
2019; 14(5). 23-29.
10. Altayyar SS. The impact of custom-made insoles on the plantar pressure of diabetic foot. Majmaah
Journal of Health Sciences. 2016;4(1):25–32
11. Tsung BY, Zhang M, Mak AF, et al. Effectiveness of insoles on plantar pressure redistribution. J
Rehabil Res Dev. 2004;41(6A):767–774.
12. Winter, D.A., Biomechanics and motor control of human movement. 2009: John Wiley & Sons.
13. Perry, J. and J.R. Davids, Gait analysis: normal and pathological function. Journal of Pediatric
Orthopaedics. 1992; 12(6): 815-823.
14. Burgess, K. and P. Swinton, Do Fitflops™ increase lower limb muscle activity? Clinical
Biomechanics. 2012;27(10):1078-1082.
15. Gefen, A., et al., Analysis of muscular fatigue and foot stability during high-heeled gait. Gait &
posture. 2002.15(1):56-63.
16. Wakeling, J.M. and A.-M. Liphardt, Task-specific recruitment of motor units for vibration damping.
Journal of biomechanics. 2006, 39(7):1342-1346.
17. Choi, J., et al. Biomechanical analysis on custom-made insoles in gait of idiopathic pes cavus. in
Journal of foot and ankle research. 2014: BioMed Central.                                                                                                        18. Moisan, G. and V. Cantin, Effects of two types of foot orthoses on lower limb muscle activity before
and after a one-month period of wear. Gait & posture. 2016; 46:75-80.
19. Hermens HJ, Freriks B, Merletti R, Stegeman D, Blok J, Rau G, Disselhorst-Klug C, Hägg G.
European recommendations for surface electromyography. Roessingh research and development.
1999;8(2):13-54.
20. Farjad-Pezeshk A, Sadeghi H, Farzadi M. Comparison of Plantar Pressure Distribution and Vertical
Ground Reaction Force between Dominant and None-Dominant Limb in Healthy Subjects Using Principal
Component Analysis (PCA) Technique. jrehab. 2013;14 (1) :91-102
21. wurdeman, S. R., Huisinga, J. M., Filipi, M., & Stergiou, N. Multiple sclerosis affects the frequency
content in the vertical ground reaction forces during walking. Clinical Biomechanics. 2011; 26(2), 207-2012.
22. Birke JA, Foto JG, Deepak S, et al. Measurement of pressure walking in footwear used in leprosy.
Lepr Rev. 1994;65(3):262–271. 33.
23. Rose NE, Feiwell LA, Cracchiolo A. A method of measuring foot pressures using a high resolution,
computerized insole sensor: the effect of heel wedges on plantar pressure distribution and center of force. Foot
& Ankle. 1992;13(5):263–270.
24. Farjad Pezeshk SA, Shariatzadeh M, Gholamian S, Yousefi M, Fathei M. Comparison of Plantar
Pressure Distribution and Selected Muscles Activity of the Lower Limb between Viscous and Common Foam
Shoes. The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2020; 9(4):173-82.
25. San Tsung BY, Zhang M, Mak AF, Wong MW. Effectiveness of insoles on plantar pressure
redistribution. Journal of rehabilitation research and development. 2004;41(6A):767-772.
26. Aminian G, Safaeepour Z, Farhoodi M, Pezeshk AF, Saeedi H, Majddoleslam B. The effect of
prefabricated and proprioceptive foot orthoses on plantar pressure distribution in patients with flexible flatfoot
during walking. Prosthetics and orthotics international. 2013;37(3):227-32.
27. Kim J, Lee J, Lee G, Chang WH, Ko MH, Yoo WK, Ryu GH, Kim YH. Relationship between lower
limb muscle activity and cortical activation among elderly people during walking: Effects of fast speed and
cognitive dual task. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. 2022;4(9):14-19.
28. Péter A, Arndt A, Hegyi A, Finni T, Andersson E, Alkjær T, Tarassova O, Rönquist G, Cronin N.
Effect of footwear on intramuscular EMG activity of plantar flexor muscles in walking. Journal of
Electromyography and Kinesiology. 2020;55(2):10-17.
29. Farjad Pezeshk SA, Shariat Zadeh M, Ilbeigi S, Yousefi M. Comparison of Muscle Activity and
Timing between a Custom Shoe with Hydrodynamic Mechanism and Regular Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Shoe.
Journal of Advanced Sport Technology. 2019;3(2):129-45.
30. Nazari F, Mohammadipour F, Amiri-Khorasani M. Comparison of Oxygen and Energy Consumption
between Running with Researcher-Made Beach Simulator Shoes and Sports Shoes with PU Soles. Journal of
Advanced Sport Technology. 2023;7(2):46-55.