Changes in Lumbar Curvature and Posture Control after Six Weeks of TRX Training in Men with Lumbar Hyperlordosis: A Randomized Control Trial

Document Type : Original research papers

Authors

1 Department of Sport Sciences, Velayat University, Iranshahr, Iran

2 Department of Sport Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

3 Department of Sport Sciences, Hakim Nizami Qochan Institute of Higher Education, Quchan, Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran

4 Department of Sport Sciences, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Background: Lumbar hyperlordosis is a common spinal abnormality that can negatively affect balance and physical performance. This study investigated the effect of six weeks of TRX exercises on lumbar curvature and postural control changes in men with lumbar hyperlordosis.
Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial (RCT). The population consisted of non-athlete male employees aged 18 to 30 with lumbar hyperlordosis in Quchan city. From this population, a sample of 34 participants was selected through an initial screening process using a grid board and was randomly assigned to two groups: an experimental group (n=17) and a control group (n=17). The experimental group performed TRX exercises for six weeks, three sessions per week, each lasting 60 minutes. Lumbar lordosis was measured with a flexible ruler, while the static and dynamic balance were assessed using the Y-Balance and static balance tests. Data analysis was performed using paired t-tests and ANCOVA in SPSS version 22.
Results: The findings revealed that TRX exercises significantly reduced lumbar curvature in the experimental group compared to the control group (p=0.012). Additionally, the experimental group showed a significant improvement in static balance (p=0.007) and dynamic balance (p=0.020) compared to the control group. These improvements indicate the positive impact of TRX exercises on postural control and balance in individuals with lumbar hyperlordosis.
Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrated that TRX exercises can effectively reduce lumbar curvature and improve static and dynamic balance in men with lumbar hyperlordosis. Due to the instability created during these exercises, stabilizing muscles are activated, making them beneficial in addressing musculoskeletal issues.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1.  

    1. Muto M, Muto G, Giurazza F, Tecame M, Fabio Z, Izzo R. Anatomy and Biomechanics of the Spine. Radiofrequency Treatments on the Spine. 2017:1-10. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-41462-1_1.
    2. Shirazi-Adl A, Parnianpour M. Effect of changes in lordosis on mechanics of the lumbar spine-lumbar curvature in lifting. J Spinal Disord. 1999;12(5):436-47.
    3. Adams MA, Dolan P. Spine biomechanics. J Biomech. 2005;38(10):1972-83. doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.03.028.
    4. Jentzsch T, Geiger J, König MA, Werner CM. Hyperlordosis is Associated With Facet Joint Pathology at the Lower Lumbar Spine. Clin Spine Surg. 2017;30(3):129-35. doi:10.1097/BSD.0b013e3182aab266.
    5. Madhuchandra P, Pawankumar K, Santhosh GS, Raju K. Predictability of degenerative disc disease by lumbar sagittal alignment on conventional radiograph in comparison with cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging. J Orthopaedic Diseases and Traumatology. 2023;6(1):106-10. doi: 10.4103/jodp.jodp_79_22.
    6. Nourbakhsh MR, Moussavi SJ, Salavati M. Effects of lifestyle and work-related physical activity on the degree of lumbar lordosis and chronic low back pain in a Middle East population. J Spinal Disord. 2001;14(4):283-92. doi:10.1097/00002517-200108000-00002.
    7. Thangasheela G J, R. V, M. M, Saju MK F, A. A, Navamani J MA, et al. Different types of Corrective exercises on Correction of Hyper Lumbarlordosis in Females- A Narrative Review. J Adv Zool. 2023. doi:10.17762/jaz.v44iS-3.1663.
    8. Casagrande D, Gugala Z, Clark SM, Lindsey RW. Low Back Pain and Pelvic Girdle Pain in Pregnancy. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2015;23(9):539-49. doi:10.5435/jaaos-d-14-00248.
    9. Flores-León A, Soto V, Araneda OF, Guzmán-Venegas R, Berral de la Rosa FJ. Muscle activity of the Lumbo-pelvic-hip complex in three isometric exercises using TRX® rip trainer™. Retos. 2018.
    10. Yalfani A, Bigdeli N, Gandomi F. Comparing the effects of suspension and isometric-isotonic training on postural stability, lumbopelvic control, and proprioception in women with diastasis recti abdominis: a randomized, single-blinded, controlled trial. Physiother Theory Pract. 2023;39(12):2596-608. doi:10.1080/09593985.2022.2100300.
    11. Kendall FP, McCreary EK, Provance PG, Rodgers MM, Romani WA. Muscles: testing and function with posture and pain: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Baltimore, MD; 2005.
    12. Tinto A, Campanella M, Fasano M. Core strengthening and synchronized swimming: TRX® suspension training in young female athletes. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2017;57(6):744-51. doi:10.23736/s0022-4707.16.06338-6.
    13. Aram S, Khodaei K, Zolfaghar Didani M. The effect of low-intensity suspension training with blood flow restriction on GH, IGF-1, and their association with physical fitness in young women. Physiol Rep. 2024;12(15):e16154. doi:10.14814/phy2.16154.
    14. Kudchadkar GS, Gurudut P, Welling A. Comparative effect of mat pilates and egoscue exercises in asymptomatic individuals with lumbar hyperlordosis: A randomized controlled trial. Indian J Phys Ther Res. 2019;1(2):79-88. doi: 10.4103/ijptr.ijptr_38_19.
    15. Rajabi R, Latifi S. the Norm of thoracic curves (kyphosis) and lumbar curve (lordosis) in men and women. Res Sports Sci. 2010(7).
    16. Izadi Farhadi MH, Seidi F, Minoonejad H, Thomas AC. Differences in Gluteal and Quadriceps Muscle Activation Among Adults with and Without Lumbar Hyperlordosis. J Sport Rehabil. 2020;29(8):1100-5. doi:10.1123/jsr.2019-0112.
    17. Mirzaie Z, Seidi F, Rajabi R, Khoshro F. The effectiveness of an eight-week exercise program on lumbopelvic stability of women with lumbar hyperlordosis deformity. J Res Sport Rehabil. 2019;6(12):1-10. doi:10.22084/rsr.2019.5141.1065.
    18. Anderson BE, Neumann ML, Huxel Bliven KC. Functional movement screen differences between male and female secondary school athletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2015;29(4):1098-106. doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000000733.
    19. Snarr RL, Esco MR. Electromyographic comparison of traditional and suspension push-ups. J Hum Kinet. 2013; 39:75-83. doi:10.2478/hukin-2013-0070.
    20. Seidi F, Rajabi R, Ebrahimi E, Alizadeh MH, Daneshmandi H. The Effect of a 10-Week Selected Corrective Exercise Program on Postural Thoracic Kyphosis Deformity. Sport Sci Health Res. 2013;5(1):5-22. doi:10.22059/jsmed.2013.32159.
    21. Youdas JW, Garrett TR, Egan KS, Therneau TM. Lumbar lordosis and pelvic inclination in adults with chronic low back pain. Phys Ther. 2000;80(3):261-75.
    22. Youdas JW, Garrett TR, Harmsen S, Suman VJ, Carey JR. Lumbar lordosis and pelvic inclination of asymptomatic adults. Phys Ther. 1996;76(10):1066-81. doi:10.1093/ptj/76.10.1066.
    23. Youdas JW, Hollman JH, Krause DA. The effects of gender, age, and body mass index on standing lumbar curvature in persons without current low back pain. Physiother Theory Pract. 2006;22(5):229-37. doi:10.1080/09593980600927864.
    24. Seydi F, Rajabi R, Ebrahimi Takamjani E. Relationship between Strength of Lumbopelvic Girdle Muscles with Lumbar Lordosis. Olympic J. 2008;16(3):73-82.
    25. Gribble PA, Hertel J, Plisky P. Using the Star Excursion Balance Test to assess dynamic postural-control deficits and outcomes in lower extremity injury: a literature and systematic review. J Athl Train. 2012;47(3):339-57. doi:10.4085/1062-6050-47.3.08.
    26. Plisky PJ, Gorman PP, Butler RJ, Kiesel KB, Underwood FB, Elkins B. The reliability of an instrumented device for measuring components of the star excursion balance test. N Am J Sports Phys Ther. 2009;4(2):92-9.
    27. Bell DR, Guskiewicz KM, Clark MA, Padua DA. Systematic review of the balance error scoring system. Sports Health. 2011;3(3):287-95. doi:10.1177/1941738111403122.
    28. Finnoff JT, Peterson VJ, Hollman JH, Smith J. Intrarater and interrater reliability of the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS). Pm r. 2009;1(1):50-4. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2008.06.002.
    29. Aslani M, Minoonejad H, Rajabi R. Comparing the Effect of TRX Exercise and Hoping on Balance in Male University Student Athletes. USWR. 2018;7(4):241-50. doi:10.32598/ptj.7.4.241.
    30. Dawes J. Complete Guide to TRX® Suspension Training®: Human Kinetics; 2022.
    31. Sajedi Nia M. The effect of 6 weeks of TRX training on functional strength, knee sense, and balance in soccer players. Gilan University, Rasht. 2018.
    32. Saadatian A, Sahebozamani M, Karimi MT, Sadegi M, Amiri Khorasani MT. The Effect of 8-Week Total Body Resistant Suspension Exercises on Shoulder Joint Proprioception in Overhead Athletes with Impingement Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci. 2019;17(12):1095-1106.
    33. Gaedtke A, Morat T. TRX Suspension Training: A New Functional Training Approach for Older Adults - Development, Training Control and Feasibility. Int J Exerc Sci. 2015;8(3):224-33. doi:10.70252/SWSX2936.
    34. Miller W, Wagganer J, Barnes J, Sofo S, editors. Assessment of electromyographic activity during a TRX and traditional split-squat. Int J Exerc Sci: Conf Proc. 2015.
    35. Harris S, Ruffin E, Brewer W, Ortiz A. Muscle Activation Patterns During Suspension Training Exercises. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2017;12(1):42-52.
    36. Son MS, Jung DH, You JSH, Yi CH, Jeon HS, Cha YJ. Effects of dynamic neuromuscular stabilization on diaphragm movement, postural control, balance and gait performance in cerebral palsy. NeuroRehabilitation. 2017;41(4):739-46. doi:10.3233/nre-172155.

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 24 February 2025
  • Revise Date: 02 May 2025
  • Accept Date: 13 May 2025

Share

How to cite

Statistics